-
1 Abt, Roman
[br]b. 17 July 1850 Bünzen, Switzerlandd. 1 May 1933 Lucerne, Switzerland[br]Swiss locomotive engineer, inventor of the Abt rack rail system.[br]Abt trained under N. Riggenbach and worked for his short-lived International Company for Mountain Railways during the 1870s, and subsequently invented the Abt rack system as an improvement on Riggenbach's ladder rack, in which the rungs gave trouble by working loose. Abt's rack system, in what became its usual form, comprises two machined racks side by side with their teeth staggered so that a tooth in one rack is opposite a recess in the other, and at least one tooth is always engaged with a locomotive's driving pinions. This system was first used in 1884 on the mixed rack-and-adhesion Harz Railway in Germany, and then largely superseded Riggenbach's system for new rack railways built worldwide to an eventual total of seventy-two, including the Snowdon Mountain Railway in the UK that was built in the 1890s. In many cases Abt himself designed locomotives and rolling stock, and supervised their construction.[br]Bibliography1877–8, Abstract in Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Vol. 52 (part II) (abstract of a paper given by Abt in which he described eight Riggenbach system railways then operating; his own system was patented in 1882).Further ReadingJ.Marshall, 1978, A Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers, Newton Abbot: David \& Charles.O.J.Morris, 1951, Snowdon Mountain Railway, Ian Allan.PJGR -
2 Marsh, Sylvester
[br]b. 30 September 1803 Campton, New Hampshire, USAd. 30 December 1884 Concord, New Hampshire, USA[br]American pioneer of mountain rack railways.[br]Marsh, a businessman whose interests successively included packing pork and dealing in corn, was inspired by a rack railway built in 1847 up the 1 in 16.5 Jefferson incline, Indiana, to design and build a line to the 6,293 ft (1,918 m) summit of Mount Washington, New Hampshire. The gradient averaged 1 in 4 and Marsh installed a rack made from wrought iron with rungs fastened between upright bearers that were deep enough for the teeth of a locomotive's driving pinion to engage with two rungs at a time; counter-pressure brakes controlled a locomotive's descent. The Mount Washington Cog Railway was the first mountain rack railway: it opened in 1869 and even now continues to operate with steam locomotives.[br]BibliographyMarsh took out four US patents relating to rack railways between 1861 and 1870.Further ReadingO.J.Morris, 1951, The Snowdon Mountain Railway, Shepperton: Ian Allan. P.B.Whitehouse, J.B.Snell and J.B.Hollingsworth, 1978, Steam for Pleasure, London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul.J.R.Day and B.C.Wilson, 1957, Unusual Railways, F.Muller.See also: Riggenbach, NiklausPJGR
См. также в других словарях:
Snowdon Mountain Railway — Rheilffordd yr Wyddfa Half way up the Mountain Overview … Wikipedia
Snowdon Mountain Railway — Teilstrecke der Snowdonia Mountain Railway Die Snowdon Mountain Railway (walisisch Rheilffordd yr Wyddfa) ist die einzige Zahnradbahn in Großbritannien. Ihr Ausgangspunkt ist Llanberis im Norden von Wales. Die Bahn hat eine Spurweite von 800 mm.… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Mountain railway — The Heritage Nilgiri Mountain Railway, Lovedale … Wikipedia
Snowdon Ranger railway station — Infobox UK station name = Snowdon Ranger code = caption = 138 Mileniwm / Millennium arriving at Snowdon Ranger station with a southbound service from Caernarfon to Rhyd Ddu.] manager = Ffestiniog Railway locale = borough = Gwynedd owner =… … Wikipedia
Snowdon — (Yr Wyddfa) Snowdon vom Llyn Llydaw Höhe 1.085 m … Deutsch Wikipedia
Mountain (TV series) — Mountain Series title card Genre Documentary Presented by Griff Rhys Jones Composer(s) Malcolm Lindsay … Wikipedia
Snowdon — For other uses, see Snowdon (disambiguation). Snowdon (Yr Wyddfa) The Snowdon group seen from the east; left: Y Lliwedd; centre: Crib Goch; right: Yr Wyddfa and Garnedd Ugain … Wikipedia
Snowdon (disambiguation) — Several places and people share the name Snowdon:Places*Snowdon, Wales highest mountain, also giving its name to: **Snowdon Massif **Snowdonia **Snowdonia National Park **Snowdon Mountain Railway **Portmadoc, Beddgelert and South Snowdon Railway… … Wikipedia
Snowdon (Begriffsklärung) — Der Begriff Snowdon hat folgende Bedeutungen: Snowdon, der höchste Berg in Wales Snowdon Massiv, eine Bergkette in Wales, zu dem der Snowdon gehört Snowdonia Nationalpark, eine Landschaft in Wales Snowdon Mountain Railway, eine Zahnradbahn auf… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Snowdon — Mont Snowdon (Galles) Pour les articles homonymes, voir Snowdon (homonymie). Mont Snowdon Mont Snowdon … Wikipédia en Français
Snowdon (Galles) — Mont Snowdon (Galles) Pour les articles homonymes, voir Snowdon (homonymie). Mont Snowdon Mont Snowdon … Wikipédia en Français
